{"id":5264,"date":"2019-04-22T17:55:28","date_gmt":"2019-04-22T17:55:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biblian.is\/fraedsla\/?page_id=5264"},"modified":"2025-06-27T02:08:44","modified_gmt":"2025-06-27T02:08:44","slug":"romverjabrefid-inngangur","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/biblian.is\/fraedsla\/ritskyring\/romverjabrefid-inngangur\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00f3mverjabr\u00e9fi\u00f0 – Inngangur"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hva\u00f0 gera menn til \u00feess a\u00f0 hlj\u00f3ta n\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir augliti Gu\u00f0s? Lesum n\u00fa um \u00fea\u00f0 sem P\u00e1ll postuli sag\u00f0i gy\u00f0ing-kristnum og hei\u00f0in-kristnum m\u00f6nnum um kraft Gu\u00f0s til hj\u00e1lpr\u00e6\u00f0is og syndafyrirgefningar og hversu hann vill vera Gu\u00f0 \u00feeirra og taka vi\u00f0 \u00feeim sem s\u00ednum l\u00fd\u00f0.<\/em><\/p>\n

Hver eru einkenni R\u00f3mverjabr\u00e9fsins?<\/h3>\n

\u00cd br\u00e9fi P\u00e1ls postula til R\u00f3mverja er a\u00f0 finna n\u00e1kv\u00e6masta yfirlit h\u00f6fundar yfir fagna\u00f0arerindi\u00f0 um Jes\u00fa Krist. En R\u00f3mverjabr\u00e9fi\u00f0 er meira en sendibr\u00e9f. \u00dea\u00f0 er ritger\u00f0, og h\u00fan meira a\u00f0 segja meistaralega bygg\u00f0. \u00cd frumkirkjunni ur\u00f0u stundum greinir me\u00f0 gy\u00f0ing-kristnum og hei\u00f0in-kristnum m\u00f6nnum um \u00fea\u00f0, hvernig menn \u00f6\u00f0lu\u00f0ust vel\u00fe\u00f3knun Gu\u00f0s og hvernig l\u00e6risveinar Krists \u00e6ttu a\u00f0 haga l\u00edfi s\u00ednu. \u00cd R\u00f3mverjabr\u00e9finu er P\u00e1ll ekkert a\u00f0 vefja \u00fea\u00f0, a\u00f0 fagna\u00f0arerindi\u00f0 s\u00e9 „kraftur Gu\u00f0s sem frelsar hvern \u00feann mann sem tr\u00fair, Gy\u00f0inginn fyrst og a\u00f0ra s\u00ed\u00f0an“ (1.16).<\/p>\n

Hvers vegna var R\u00f3mverjabr\u00e9fi\u00f0 skrifa\u00f0?<\/h3>\n

P\u00e1ll skrifa\u00f0i R\u00f3mverjabr\u00e9fi\u00f0 einhvern t\u00edma \u00e1 \u00e1runum 55-56 e. Kr. Vildi hann me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed kynna sig fyrir l\u00e6risveinum Krists \u00ed R\u00f3maborg. Me\u00f0al \u00feeirra voru b\u00e6\u00f0i hei\u00f0in-kristnir menn, n\u00fdir \u00ed tr\u00fanni, og gy\u00f0ing-kristnir, sem sn\u00fai\u00f0 h\u00f6f\u00f0u aftur til borgarinnar eftir a\u00f0 hafa veri\u00f0 ger\u00f0ir brottr\u00e6kir \u00fea\u00f0an nokkrum \u00e1rum fyrr (sj\u00e1 h\u00e9r a\u00f0 ne\u00f0an). \u00deetta f\u00f3lk, alveg eins og kristnir menn \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum l\u00f6ndum kringum Mi\u00f0jar\u00f0arhafi\u00f0, t\u00falka\u00f0i fagna\u00f0arerindi\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fdmsum, mismunandi h\u00e6tti. Gy\u00f0ing-kristnir \u00ed R\u00f3m og Jer\u00fasalem h\u00e9ldu enn fast vi\u00f0 l\u00f6gm\u00e1l M\u00f3se, en \u00fea\u00f0 ger\u00f0u hei\u00f0in-kristnir menn ekki. Og hvorir h\u00f6f\u00f0u n\u00fa \u00e1 r\u00e9ttu a\u00f0 standa? Skipti l\u00f6gm\u00e1l M\u00f3se m\u00e1li fyrir hei\u00f0in-kristna? E\u00f0a kom \u00fea\u00f0 heim vi\u00f0 fyrir\u00e6tlun Gu\u00f0s, a\u00f0 \u00cdsraelsl\u00fd\u00f0ur eigna\u00f0ist hlutdeild \u00ed fagna\u00f0arerindinu?<\/p>\n

P\u00e1ll kennir \u00ed R\u00f3mverjabr\u00e9finu, a\u00f0 fagna\u00f0arerindi\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00ed \u00f6ndver\u00f0u reist \u00e1 fyrirheitinu sem Gu\u00f0 gaf Abraham \u00e6ttf\u00f6\u00f0ur \u00cdsraels\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar. Abraham tr\u00fa\u00f0i Gu\u00f0i og \u00fea\u00f0 var honum til r\u00e9ttl\u00e6tis reikna\u00f0 (4.3). Seinna var l\u00f6gm\u00e1li\u00f0 gefi\u00f0 M\u00f3se og \u00cdsraels\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni. \u00dear var raki\u00f0 hversu Gu\u00f0s l\u00fd\u00f0ur skyldi lifa og heg\u00f0a s\u00e9r. Enn s\u00ed\u00f0ar sendi Gu\u00f0 Jes\u00fa Krist til \u00feess a\u00f0 fyrirgefa syndir og gefa m\u00f6nnum, fyrir tr\u00fa \u00feeirra og \u00fe\u00f3 \u00f3ver\u00f0skulda\u00f0, r\u00e9tt til \u00feess a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a Gu\u00f0s b\u00f6rn. En \u00feessu haf\u00f0i l\u00f6gm\u00e1li\u00f0, eitt og s\u00e9r, ekki geta\u00f0 komi\u00f0 til lei\u00f0ar (3.21-26). \u00deetta bar samt ekki a\u00f0 skilja svo a\u00f0 l\u00f6gm\u00e1li\u00f0 v\u00e6ri einskis n\u00fdtt, e\u00f0a a\u00f0 f\u00f3lki\u00f0 sem lif\u00f0i eftir \u00fev\u00ed (\u00cdsrael) heyr\u00f0i ekki lengur til Gu\u00f0s l\u00fd\u00f0. P\u00e1ll heldur \u00fev\u00ed samt fram, a\u00f0 \u00feeir einir sem tr\u00fai \u00e1 Jes\u00fa Krist r\u00e9ttl\u00e6tist fyrir Gu\u00f0i.<\/p>\n

Hvernig var \u00e1statt \u00ed R\u00f3maborg, \u00feegar br\u00e9fi\u00f0 var skrifa\u00f0?<\/h3>\n

L\u00f6ngu \u00e1\u00f0ur en P\u00e1ll postuli r\u00e1\u00f0ger\u00f0i a\u00f0 halda til R\u00f3maborgar haf\u00f0i sprotti\u00f0 \u00fear upp h\u00f3pur manna, sem tr\u00fa\u00f0i \u00e1 Jes\u00fa Krist. \u00c1 \u00e1runum 49 til 50 e. Kr. risu svo mj\u00f6g \u00fafar me\u00f0 \u00feessum m\u00f6nnum og Gy\u00f0ingum, a\u00f0 Kl\u00e1d\u00edus keisari s\u00e1 \u00feann kost v\u00e6nstan a\u00f0 gera hvora tveggju brottr\u00e6ka \u00far borginni (sj\u00e1 Post 18.1-4). Me\u00f0al hinna \u00fatl\u00e6gu voru hj\u00f3nin Priskilla og Akv\u00edlas, sem b\u00e6\u00f0i voru l\u00e6risveinar Jes\u00fa. Me\u00f0 \u00feeim starfa\u00f0i P\u00e1ll postuli s\u00ed\u00f0ar a\u00f0 tjaldgj\u00f6r\u00f0 \u00ed Korintu og Efesus (Post 18.3; 1Kor 16.19; R\u00f3m 16.3). \u00dear kom, a\u00f0 nokku\u00f0 af \u00feessu f\u00f3lki sneri aftur til R\u00f3mar. N\u00fa vona\u00f0ist P\u00e1ll til \u00feess a\u00f0 n\u00e1 fundum \u00feess \u00e1 lei\u00f0 sinni til Sp\u00e1nar, \u00fear sem hann hug\u00f0ist bo\u00f0a fagna\u00f0arerindi\u00f0 (15.28). En \u00e1\u00f0ur en hann gat lagt af sta\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1 fer\u00f0, vildi hann fyrir alla muni fara til Jer\u00fasalem me\u00f0 s\u00f6fnunarf\u00e9, sem kristnir menn er \u00e1\u00f0ur h\u00f6\u00f0fu veri\u00f0 hei\u00f0ingjar \u00ed Makd\u00f3n\u00edu og Akkeu h\u00f6f\u00f0u l\u00e1ti\u00f0 af hendi rakna til safna\u00f0arins \u00ed Jer\u00fasalem (15.26-29). \u00dea\u00f0 var von hans, a\u00f0 kenningarnar \u00ed R\u00f3mverjabr\u00e9finu fyndu n\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir augum hinna gy\u00f0ing-kristnu manna \u00ed Jer\u00fasaelm (15.30-32). H\u00f6fundur Postulas\u00f6gunnar kann fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 segja, a\u00f0 P\u00e1ll hafi um s\u00ed\u00f0ir komist til R\u00f3maborgar sem fangi keisarans (Post 27,28). En ekkert ver\u00f0ur um \u00fea\u00f0 lesi\u00f0 \u00ed N\u00fdja testamenti, hvort hann bo\u00f0a\u00f0i fagna\u00f0arerindi\u00f0 \u00e1 Sp\u00e1ni, e\u00f0a hvort hann yfirleitt komst \u00feanga\u00f0.<\/p>\n

Efnisskipan br\u00e9fsins<\/h3>\n

R\u00f3mverjabr\u00e9fi\u00f0 er skrifa\u00f0 \u00ed hef\u00f0bundnum, gr\u00edskum sendibr\u00e9fast\u00edl fyrstu aldarinnar eftir Krists bur\u00f0. Fyrst var til si\u00f0s a\u00f0 geta \u00feess, hver s\u00e1 v\u00e6ri sem h\u00e9r h\u00e9ldi \u00e1 penna (1.1-6). S\u00ed\u00f0an var viki\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feeim, sem br\u00e9fi\u00f0 var \u00e6tla\u00f0 (1.7). \u00dev\u00ed n\u00e6st var venjulega heilsun. \u00cd R\u00f3mverjabr\u00e9finu, eins og \u00ed flestum br\u00e9fum P\u00e1ls, kemur \u00feakkarb\u00e6n \u00e1 eftir heilsuninni (1.8-15) og br\u00e9finu l\u00fdkur me\u00f0 kve\u00f0ju og blessunar\u00f3skum (16.1-27).<\/p>\n

Helstu efnis\u00fe\u00e6ttir R\u00f3mverjabr\u00e9fsins eru \u00feessir:<\/p>\n