{"id":5250,"date":"2019-04-22T17:41:09","date_gmt":"2019-04-22T17:41:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biblian.is\/fraedsla\/?page_id=5250"},"modified":"2026-04-17T13:01:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T13:01:11","slug":"johannesargudspjall-inngangur","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/biblian.is\/fraedsla\/ritskyring\/johannesargudspjall-inngangur\/","title":{"rendered":"J\u00f3hannesargu\u00f0spjall – Inngangur"},"content":{"rendered":"

Merki og t\u00e1kn \u00fej\u00f3na \u00fev\u00ed hlutverki a\u00f0 v\u00edsa veginn og lei\u00f0beina. \u00deegar vi\u00f0 lesum J\u00f3hanneargu\u00f0spjall skulum vi\u00f0 taka vel eftir t\u00e1knunum (kraftaverkunum) sem opna augu okkar fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 Jes\u00fas er sonur hins lifanda Gu\u00f0s.<\/em><\/p>\n

Hver eru s\u00e9reinkenni J\u00f3hannesargu\u00f0spjalls?<\/h3>\n

J\u00f3hannes gu\u00f0spjallama\u00f0ur segir fr\u00e1 l\u00edfi, starfi og pr\u00e9dikun Jes\u00fa me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum h\u00e6tti en samstofna gu\u00f0spj\u00f6llin, Matteus, Mark\u00fas og L\u00fakas. J\u00f3hannes getur h\u00f6fu\u00f0vi\u00f0bur\u00f0a \u00ed \u00e6vi Jes\u00fa, en leitast \u00fe\u00f3 umfram allt vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 svara \u00feremur spurningum:<\/p>\n

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  1. Hver er Jes\u00fas? <\/em>\u00cd fyrsta kap\u00edtula gu\u00f0spjalls s\u00edns kallar J\u00f3hannes Jes\u00fas „Or\u00f0i\u00f0,“ sem var hj\u00e1 Gu\u00f0i \u00feegar hann skapa\u00f0i lj\u00f3si\u00f0 og l\u00edfi\u00f0. Or\u00f0i\u00f0 var\u00f0 hold, \u00fea\u00f0 var\u00f0 ma\u00f0ur (1.14), til \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 fengjum a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega hvernig Gu\u00f0 er. J\u00f3hannes sk\u00edrari kallar Jes\u00fa „Gu\u00f0s lamb sem ber synd heimsins“ (1.29). Filippus kemst flj\u00f3tlega a\u00f0 \u00feeirri ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u a\u00f0 Jes\u00fas s\u00e9 s\u00e1 „sem M\u00f3se skrifar um l\u00ed l\u00f6gm\u00e1linu og einnig sp\u00e1mennirnir“ (1.45). Natanael segir vi\u00f0 Jes\u00fa: „\u00de\u00fa ert sonur Gu\u00f0s, \u00fe\u00fa ert konungur \u00cdsraels“ (1.49). \u00cd gu\u00f0spjallinu segir Jes\u00fas um sj\u00e1lfan sig, a\u00f0 hann s\u00e9 Mess\u00edas (4.25,26); brau\u00f0 l\u00edfsins (6.35); uppspretta lifandi vatns (7.37-39); g\u00f3\u00f0i hir\u00f0irinn (10.14); s\u00e1 sem reisir dau\u00f0a til l\u00edfs a\u00f0 n\u00fdju (11.25); vegurinn, sannleikurinn og l\u00edfi\u00f0 (14.6) og hinn sanni v\u00ednvi\u00f0ur (15.1). J\u00f3hannes kann lika fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 segja, a\u00f0 Jes\u00fas notar oft or\u00f0in „\u00e9g er“ um sj\u00e1lfan sig sem verkf\u00e6ri Gu\u00f0s. \u00dea\u00f0 minnir \u00e1 or\u00f0in sem M\u00f3se var sagt a\u00f0 vi\u00f0hafa \u00feegar hann tala\u00f0i um Gu\u00f0 (2M\u00f3s 2.12-15).<\/li>\n
  2. Hva\u00f0a verk Jes\u00fa sanna a\u00f0 hann er Gu\u00f0s sonur?<\/em>J\u00f3hannes hermir fr\u00e1 m\u00f6rgum kraftaverkum („t\u00e1knum“) sem sk\u00fdra n\u00e1nar hva\u00f0 or\u00f0 Jes\u00fa og verk merkja. \u00deegar hann breytir vatni \u00ed v\u00edn, l\u00e6gir \u00f3ve\u00f0ri\u00f0 \u00e1 vatninu, mettar \u00fe\u00fasundirnar, l\u00e6knar sj\u00faka og reisir dau\u00f0a til l\u00edfs, \u00fe\u00e1 s\u00fdnir hann a\u00f0 hann er Gu\u00f0s sonur a\u00f0 vinna \u00fea\u00f0 sem honum var fali\u00f0 af Gu\u00f0i: a\u00f0 f\u00e6ra \u00f6llu f\u00f3lki n\u00fdtt l\u00edf.<\/li>\n
  3. Hva\u00f0 bar \u00feeim \u00e1 milli sem vildu fylgja Jes\u00fa og hinum sem st\u00f3\u00f0u \u00ed gegn honum?<\/em>J\u00f3hannesargu\u00f0spjall sk\u00fdrir n\u00faninginn \u00e1 milli \u00feeirra sem t\u00f3ku n\u00fdjum kenningum Jes\u00fa tveim h\u00f6ndum og hinna sem t\u00f6ldu sig ekki geta \u00fea\u00f0 nema me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00f3hl\u00fd\u00f0nast l\u00f6gm\u00e1li M\u00f3se.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Af hverju var J\u00f3hannesargu\u00f0spjall rita\u00f0?<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong>\u00deeirri spurningu er svara\u00f0 kl\u00e1rt og kvitt \u00ed 31. versi 20. kap\u00edtula gu\u00f0spjallsins: „\u00deetta er rita\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fei\u00f0 tr\u00fai\u00f0 a\u00f0 Jes\u00fas s\u00e9 Kristur, sonur Gu\u00f0s, og a\u00f0 \u00fei\u00f0 \u00ed tr\u00fanni eigi\u00f0 l\u00edf \u00ed hans nafni.“<\/p>\n

    Hven\u00e6r er gu\u00f0spjalli\u00f0 skrifa\u00f0?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    J\u00f3hannesargu\u00f0spjall er til or\u00f0i\u00f0 meira en h\u00e1lfri \u00f6ld eftir dau\u00f0a og upprisu Jes\u00fa og \u00e1rei\u00f0anlega eftir a\u00f0 R\u00f3mverjar b\u00e6ldu ni\u00f0ur uppreisn Gy\u00f0inga og ey\u00f0il\u00f6g\u00f0u musteri\u00f0 \u00ed Jer\u00fasalem \u00e1ri\u00f0 70 e. Kr. Upp fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed var \u00feeim Gy\u00f0ingum, sem or\u00f0nir voru l\u00e6risveinar Jes\u00fa, banna\u00f0 a\u00f0 s\u00e6kja samkundurnar. J\u00f3hannes nefnir \u00feetta \u00e1 \u00feremur st\u00f6\u00f0um \u00ed riti s\u00ednu (9.22-23; 12.42; 16.1).<\/p>\n

    Hvernig er efni gu\u00f0spjallsins skipa\u00f0 ni\u00f0ur?<\/h3>\n

    S\u00f6gusvi\u00f0 J\u00f3hannesargu\u00f0spjalls er \u00fdmist Gal\u00edlea e\u00f0a Jer\u00fasalemsborg og n\u00e1grenni hennar. Margir atbur\u00f0ir eiga s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 \u00e1 h\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0um Gy\u00f0inga. S\u00f6gu\u00fer\u00e1\u00f0urinn er \u00ed st\u00f3rum dr\u00e1ttum \u00feessi:<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n